Arkada\u015fl\u0131k<\/strong>, bir\u00a0ki\u015fileraras\u0131 ili\u015fki’dir, birbirlerine kar\u015f\u0131\u00a0sevgi\u00a0ve\u00a0anlay\u0131\u015f\u00a0g\u00f6steren kimselerin kurdu\u011fu sosyal ve duygusal ba\u011fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Arkada\u015fl\u0131k, ileti\u015fim, sosyoloji, sosyal psikoloji, antropoloji ve felsefe gibi akademik alanlarda incelenmi\u015ftir. Sosyal de\u011fi\u015fim teorisi, e\u015fitlik teorisi, ili\u015fkisel diyalektik ve ba\u011flanma teorisi dahil olmak \u00fczere \u00e7e\u015fitli akademik arkada\u015fl\u0131k teorileri \u00f6nerilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n K\u00f6keni<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ni\u015fanyan’a g\u00f6re arkada\u015f Fars\u00e7a \u0647\u0645\u067e\u0634\u062a \/hempu\u015ft\/ s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn birebir \u00e7evirisidir. Lugat-i Remzi’ye g\u00f6re hempu\u015ft arkada\u015f ve yard\u0131mc\u0131 ve muavenet olan demektir. Bununla birlikte arkada\u015f kelimesi TDK Tarama S\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc’nde kay\u0131tl\u0131 olan ve bug\u00fcn de arka \u00e7\u0131kmak deyiminde kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z arka zah\u00eer, h\u00e2mi, yard\u0131mc\u0131 ile ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnmektedir. Buna g\u00f6re arkada\u015f birbirine arka (destek) olan insanlar\u0131 ifade etmek \u00fczere arka isim k\u00f6k\u00fcne ortakl\u0131k bildiren +da\u015f ekinin getirilmesiyle t\u00fcretilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Halk etimolojisine dayal\u0131 bir a\u00e7\u0131klamaya g\u00f6re ise arkada\u015f kelimesinin k\u00f6keni \u015f\u00f6yledir: Eski T\u00fcrklerde askerler sava\u015f\u0131rken arkadan gelecek herhangi bir sald\u0131r\u0131y\u0131 kontrol edebilmek i\u00e7in s\u0131rtlar\u0131n\u0131 bir a\u011faca, kaya veya ta\u015fa vererek ok atarlarm\u0131\u015f. Genelde bozk\u0131r hayat\u0131 ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in bu s\u0131rt dayanan nesne genelde bir ta\u015f veya kaya olurmu\u015f. Y\u0131llar sonra bu s\u0131rt dayanan ta\u015f\u0131n ismi “arka-ta\u015f” iken arkada\u015f \u015feklinde yerle\u015fmi\u015f, bug\u00fcn de ileti\u015fim i\u00e7inde olunan ve samimiyetine g\u00fcvenilen ki\u015filere verilen isimdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Arkada\u015f\u0131n e\u015f anlaml\u0131lar\u0131 ise bacanak, dost, e\u015f, yolda\u015f s\u00f6zc\u00fckleridir.[1] Anadolu a\u011f\u0131zlar\u0131nda arkada\u015f anlam\u0131nda abbap, ada\u015f, agada\u015f, agilik, a\u011fo\u015f, arde\u00e7, arke\u015f, ayahta\u015f, ayegen, ba\u011fda\u015f\u0131k, b\u0131llal\u0131k, c\u00f6\u00f1er, cura, eci, gada, ga\u011fa, garda\u015fl\u0131k, geyz, g\u0131y\u0131z, hento\u015f, icam, iyan (i\u011fen), kafar, kakadak, karayen, k\u0131d\u0131m, \u00f6\u011f\u00fcr, sabada\u015f, sa\u011fd\u0131\u00e7 (sad\u0131\u015f), s\u0131\u00f1ar\u0131, yana\u015f\u0131h s\u00f6zc\u00fckleri tespit edilmi\u015ftir.[2]<\/p>\n\n\n\n Anadolu sahas\u0131nda tarih\u00ee metinlerde arkada\u015f anlam\u0131nda e\u015f (i\u015f), kolda\u015f, ko\u015fta\u015f, s\u0131\u00f1ar\u0131, uya [3] s\u00f6zc\u00fckleri kaydedilmi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca Osmanl\u0131ca cel\u00ees, musahib, refik, hemdem, hemp\u00e2, y\u00e2r s\u00f6zc\u00fckleri de bu anlamda kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[4]<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00fcrk leh\u00e7elerinde arkada\u015f anlam\u0131nda\u00a0ada\u015f, dost, ipte\u015f, yolda\u015f\u00a0gibi kelimeler kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.[5]\u00a0Ancak T\u00fcrk dilinin tarih\u00ee ve bug\u00fcnk\u00fc kollar\u0131nda arkada\u015f anlam\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan s\u00f6zc\u00fckler bunlarla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 de\u011fildir. Mesela Azerbaycan’da konu\u015fma dilinde arkada\u015f anlam\u0131nda erkeklere atfen\u00a0qaqa\u015f\u00a0s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 yayg\u0131nd\u0131r.[6]\u00a0T\u00fcrk\u00e7ede yak\u0131n arkada\u015flara\u00a0kanka\u00a0da denilmektedir.[7][8]<\/p>\n\n\n\n