![\"\"](\"https:\/\/7hi7.com\/cs-cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/198\/2022\/01\/Maslowova_pyramida_potreb.png\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nMaslowova pyramida<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Maslowova pyramida pot\u0159eb<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Maslowova pyramida (pot\u0159eb)<\/strong> je hierarchie lidsk\u00fdch pot\u0159eb, kterou definoval americk\u00fd psycholog Abraham Harold Maslow v roce 1943. Podle t\u00e9to teorie m\u00e1 \u010dlov\u011bk p\u011bt z\u00e1kladn\u00edch pot\u0159eb. Tyto pot\u0159eby se\u0159adil podle toho, jak se postupn\u011b vyvinuly, a z\u00e1rove\u0148 podle toho, jsou-li vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed nebo ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ve smyslu sv\u00e9 hodnoty. Sou\u010dasn\u011b byl p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den, \u017ee uspokojen\u00ed ni\u017e\u0161\u00edch pot\u0159eb je p\u0159edpokladem toho, aby nastoupily vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed pot\u0159eby.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Pot\u0159eby spole\u010dn\u011b pak tvo\u0159\u00ed jakousi pomyslnou pyramidu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Pot\u0159eby<\/p>\n\n\n\n Pot\u0159eba je stav nedostatku nebo nadbytku n\u011b\u010deho, co n\u00e1s vede k \u010dinnostem, jimi\u017e tuto pot\u0159ebu uspokojujeme. Pojem pot\u0159eba se ve star\u0161\u00edch teori\u00edch ozna\u010doval jako instinkt nebo pud.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Pot\u0159eby d\u011bl\u00edme na 2 z\u00e1kladn\u00ed skupiny:<\/p>\n\n\n\n biologick\u00e9 (prim\u00e1rn\u00ed, vrozen\u00e9) – pot\u0159eba d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00ed, sp\u00e1nku, potravy, bezpe\u010d\u00edsoci\u00e1ln\u00ed (z\u00edskan\u00e9), kter\u00e9 se d\u00e1le d\u011bl\u00ed na kulturn\u00ed (nap\u0159. vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed) a na psychick\u00e9 (radost, \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed, l\u00e1ska)zbytn\u00e9nezbytn\u00e9hmotn\u00e9nehmotn\u00e9<\/p>\n\n\n\n Jako prvn\u00ed navrhl obs\u00e1hlou klasifikaci pot\u0159eb roku 1938 H. A. Murray. Ta v\u0161ak nebyla popul\u00e1rn\u00ed, na rozd\u00edl od klasifikace navr\u017een\u00e9 soci\u00e1ln\u00edm psychologem Abrahamem H. Maslowem v roce 1954.[1]<\/p>\n\n\n\n Prvn\u00ed \u010dty\u0159i kategorie Maslow ozna\u010duje jako nedostatkov\u00e9 pot\u0159eby a p\u00e1tou kategorii jako pot\u0159eby existence (byt\u00ed) nebo r\u016fstov\u00e9 pot\u0159eby.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Pozd\u011bji bylo p\u011bt z\u00e1kladn\u00edch pot\u0159eb roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1no o je\u0161t\u011b n\u011bkolik dal\u0161\u00edch:<\/p>\n\n\n\n kognitivn\u00ed pot\u0159ebyestetick\u00e9 pot\u0159eby<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u0161eobecn\u011b plat\u00ed, \u017ee n\u00ed\u017ee polo\u017een\u00e9 pot\u0159eby jsou v\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a jejich alespo\u0148 \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9 uspokojen\u00ed je podm\u00ednkou pro vznik m\u00e9n\u011b nal\u00e9hav\u00fdch a v\u00fdvojov\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch pot\u0159eb. Toto v\u0161ak nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 tvrdit zcela bezv\u00fdhradn\u011b a je dok\u00e1z\u00e1no, \u017ee uspokojov\u00e1n\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch pot\u0159eb (estetick\u00fdch, duchovn\u00edch) m\u016f\u017ee napomoci v krajn\u00edch situac\u00edch (nouze, nedostatek, str\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed) lidsk\u00e9ho \u017eivota, ve kter\u00fdch je mo\u017enost uspokojov\u00e1n\u00ed ni\u017e\u0161\u00edch pot\u0159eb omezena \u010di znemo\u017en\u011bna (nap\u0159\u00edklad v prost\u0159ed\u00ed koncentra\u010dn\u00edch t\u00e1bor\u016f, o \u010dem\u017e referovali nap\u0159. Viktor Frankl anebo Konrad Lorenz).[1] U toho, kdo dosp\u011bje na \u00farove\u0148 r\u016fstov\u00fdch pot\u0159eb, co\u017e jsou jen n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed lid\u00e9, doch\u00e1z\u00ed ke zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed prom\u011bn\u011b. \u00dasil\u00ed veden\u00e9 t\u011bmito pot\u0159ebami m\u00e1 vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed prioritu ne\u017e uspokojov\u00e1n\u00ed pot\u0159eb nedostatkov\u00fdch. Ka\u017ed\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk m\u00e1 sv\u00e9 pot\u0159eby r\u016fzn\u011b rozvinut\u00e9, ka\u017ed\u00fd v\u00edce \u010di m\u00e9n\u011b up\u0159ednost\u0148uje n\u011bco jin\u00e9ho.[2] Za nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed pova\u017euje Maslow pot\u0159ebu seberealizace, \u010d\u00edm\u017e ozna\u010duje lidskou snahu naplnit svoje schopnosti a z\u00e1m\u011bry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Abraham Maslow vych\u00e1zel ze sv\u00e9ho p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed, \u017ee v\u00fdkon pracovn\u00edk\u016f je mo\u017en\u00e9 zvy\u0161ovat a\u017e k p\u0159irozen\u00fdm fyziologick\u00fdm hranic\u00edm pokud budou uspokojov\u00e1ny nejen materi\u00e1ln\u00ed, ale i soci\u00e1ln\u00ed pot\u0159eby, tj. pot\u0159eby seberealizace, sebeaktualizace, sebeuskute\u010dn\u011bn\u00ed, soci\u00e1ln\u00ed soun\u00e1le\u017eitosti k n\u011bkomu nebo k n\u011b\u010demu, tvo\u0159ivosti, bezpe\u010d\u00ed, jistoty, postaven\u00ed apod. K saturaci (napln\u011bn\u00ed, uspokojen\u00ed) v\u011bt\u0161iny pot\u0159eb doch\u00e1z\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b v pracovn\u00edm procesu. P\u0159\u00ednosem t\u00e9to \u0161koly je, \u017ee se sna\u017e\u00ed br\u00e1t jakoukoliv lidskou organizaci jako syst\u00e9m zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00ed integritu osobn\u00edch z\u00e1jm\u016f jako\u017e i z\u00e1jm\u016f doty\u010dn\u00e9 organizace. Paradoxem je, \u017ee mnoz\u00ed lid\u00e9 o seberealizaci nestoj\u00ed, jsou motivov\u00e1ni jen ni\u017e\u0161\u00edmi fyziologick\u00fdmi pot\u0159ebami, klidem a pohodl\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n https:\/\/cs.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maslowova_pyramida<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n Doporu\u010duji hudebn\u00ed videoklipy online (YouTube.com) – index: 7hi7.com\/music<\/a>, o5go.com<\/a>, 12R.TV\/music<\/a>, 0-zz.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n z\u00e1padoslovansk\u00fd jazyk pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd v \u010cesku<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u010ce\u0161tina neboli \u010desk\u00fd jazyk je z\u00e1padoslovansk\u00fd jazyk, nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00ed sloven\u0161tin\u011b, pot\u00e9 lu\u017eick\u00e9 srb\u0161tin\u011b a pol\u0161tin\u011b. Pat\u0159\u00ed mezi slovansk\u00e9 jazyky, do rodiny jazyk\u016f indoevropsk\u00fdch. \u010ce\u0161tina se vyvinula ze z\u00e1padn\u00edch n\u00e1\u0159e\u010d\u00ed praslovan\u0161tiny na konci 10. stolet\u00ed. Je \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b ovlivn\u011bn\u00e1 latinou a n\u011bm\u010dinou. \u010cesky psan\u00e1 literatura se objevuje od 14. stolet\u00ed. Prvn\u00ed p\u00edsemn\u00e9 pam\u00e1tky jsou v\u0161ak ji\u017e z 12. stolet\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u010ce\u0161tinou jako mate\u0159sk\u00fdm jazykem mluv\u00ed zhruba 10,7 milionu lid\u00ed \u2013 prakticky v\u0161ichni v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice. Celkov\u00fd po\u010det \u010desk\u00fdch mluv\u010d\u00edch se odhaduje na 13,2 milionu, co\u017e zahrnuje 2,5 milionu u\u017eivatel\u016f \u010de\u0161tiny jako druh\u00e9ho jazyka.[1] V d\u016fsledku n\u011bkolika vyst\u011bhovaleck\u00fdch vln ve druh\u00e9 polovin\u011b 19. a ve 20. stolet\u00ed hovo\u0159\u00ed toti\u017e \u010desky i desetitis\u00edce emigrant\u016f a jejich potomk\u016f, zejm\u00e9na na Slovensku, v USA (55 tis\u00edc mluv\u010d\u00edch[1]), Kanad\u011b, N\u011bmecku, Rakousku, Rumunsku, Austr\u00e1lii, na Ukrajin\u011b, v Srbsku (37 tis\u00edc mluv\u010d\u00edch[1]), Chorvatsku (6 290 mluv\u010d\u00edch[1]), Rumunsku (2 170 mluv\u010d\u00edch[1]), Polsku (1 430 mluv\u010d\u00edch[1]) a v \u0159ad\u011b dal\u0161\u00edch zem\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u010ce\u0161tina je flektivn\u00ed jazyk vyzna\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed se komplikovan\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem sklo\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed a \u010dasov\u00e1n\u00ed a velmi voln\u00fdm slovosledem. K p\u00edsemn\u00fdm z\u00e1znam\u016fm pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 latinku dopln\u011bnou o znaky s diakritikou. Pro v\u00fdslovnost je charakteristick\u00fd pevn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edzvuk na prvn\u00ed slabice, opozice d\u00e9lky samohl\u00e1sek a specifick\u00e1 souhl\u00e1ska \u201e\u0159\u201c (zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 alveol\u00e1rn\u00ed vibranta = zn\u011bl\u00e1 d\u00e1s\u0148ov\u00e1 kmitav\u00e1 souhl\u00e1ska).<\/p>\n\n\n\n https:\/\/cs.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%C4%8Ce%C5%A1tina<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n st\u00e1t ve st\u0159edn\u00ed Evrop\u011b<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u010cesko, \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edm n\u00e1zvem \u010cesk\u00e1 republika, je st\u00e1t ve st\u0159edn\u00ed Evrop\u011b.[9][pozn. 4] Samostatnost nabylo 1. ledna 1993 jako n\u00e1stupnick\u00fd st\u00e1t \u010ceskoslovenska, p\u0159edt\u00edm existovalo jako jedna ze dvou republik \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9 federace. Navazuje tak\u00e9 na v\u00edce ne\u017e tis\u00edcilet\u00e9 d\u011bjiny \u010desk\u00e9 st\u00e1tnosti a kultury. Podle sv\u00e9 \u00fastavy je \u010cesko parlamentn\u00ed, demokratick\u00fd pr\u00e1vn\u00ed st\u00e1t s liber\u00e1ln\u00edm st\u00e1tn\u00edm re\u017eimem[13] a politick\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem zalo\u017een\u00fdm na svobodn\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ei politick\u00fdch stran a hnut\u00ed. Hlavou st\u00e1tu je prezident republiky, vrcholn\u00fdm a jedin\u00fdm z\u00e1konod\u00e1rn\u00fdm org\u00e1nem je dvoukomorov\u00fd Parlament \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky, na vrcholu moci v\u00fdkonn\u00e9 stoj\u00ed vl\u00e1da \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n https:\/\/cs.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%C4%8Cesko<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n 7hi7.com<\/a> – 12R.tv \u274c\ufe0f\u2705\ufe0f<\/a><\/p>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u0160t\u011bst\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00ed pocit radostn\u00e9ho a v\u00edce m\u00e9n\u011b trval\u00e9ho vypln\u011bn\u00ed \u0160t\u011bst\u00ed a \u0161\u0165astn\u00fd se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 ve dvou odli\u0161n\u00fdch v\u00fdznamech \u010di souvislostech: jako vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e1 ud\u00e1lost nebo okolnost, \u010dasto nahodil\u00e1 a nezaslou\u017een\u00e1: \u201em\u00edt \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed\u201c, \u201eud\u011blat \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed\u201c;jako bla\u017eenost, vnit\u0159n\u00ed pocit radostn\u00e9ho a v\u00edce m\u00e9n\u011b trval\u00e9ho vypln\u011bn\u00ed: \u201eb\u00fdt \u0161\u0165astn\u00fd\u201c, \u201em\u00edt \u0161\u0165astnou povahu\u201c. Obdobn\u00e1 slova se vyskytuj\u00ed ve v\u0161ech slovansk\u00fdch jazyc\u00edch. Podle V. Machka se skl\u00e1daj\u00ed z indoevropsk\u00e9 p\u0159edpony su-, dobr\u00fd, nejlep\u0161\u00ed, a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cs-cz"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/7hi7.com\/cs-cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/7hi7.com\/cs-cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/7hi7.com\/cs-cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/7hi7.com\/cs-cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/7hi7.com\/cs-cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/7hi7.com\/cs-cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":55,"href":"https:\/\/7hi7.com\/cs-cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5\/revisions\/55"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/7hi7.com\/cs-cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/7hi7.com\/cs-cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/7hi7.com\/cs-cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}\n
\u010ce\u0161tina<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u010cesko<\/h2>\n\n\n\n